GST is one indirect tax for the whole nation, which will make India one unified common market.

 GST is a single tax on the supply of goods and services, right from the manufacturer to the consumer. Credits of input taxes paid at each stage will be available in the subsequent stage of value addition, which makes GST essentially a tax only on value addition at each stage. The final consumer will thus bear only the GST charged by the last dealer in the supply chain, with set-off benefits at all the previous stages.

The benefits of GST for business and industry

  • Easy compliance: A robust and comprehensive IT system would be the foundation of the GST regime in India. Therefore, all tax payer services such as registrations, returns, payments, etc. would be available to the taxpayers online, which would make compliance easy and transparent.
  • Uniformity of tax rates and structures: GST will ensure that indirect tax rates and structures are common across the country, thereby increasing certainty and ease of doing business. In other words, GST would make doing business in the country tax neutral, irrespective of the choice of place of doing business.
  • Removal of cascading: A system of seamless tax-credits throughout the value-chain, and across boundaries of States, would ensure that there is minimal cascading of taxes. This would reduce hidden costs of doing business.
  • Improved competitiveness: Reduction in transaction costs of doing business would eventually lead to an improved competitiveness for the trade and industry.
  • Gain to manufacturers and exporters: The subsuming of major Central and State taxes in GST, complete and comprehensive set-off of input goods and services and phasing out of Central Sales Tax (CST) would reduce the cost of locally manufactured goods and services. This will increase the competitiveness of Indian goods and services in the international market and give boost to Indian exports. The uniformity in tax rates and procedures across the country will also go a long way in reducing the compliance cost.

Who needs GST Registration?

The criteria for persons who should be registered under GST is provided under Chapter 6 of the GST Act. As per the GST Act, the following persons are required to obtain GST registration:

Aggregate Turnover Criteria

Any supplier of goods and/or services who makes a taxable supply with an aggregate turnover of over Rs.20 lakhs in a financial year is required to obtain GST registration. In special category states, the aggregate turnover criteria is set at Rs.10 lakhs.

Special Category States under GST

Currently, Assam, Nagaland,  Jammu & Kashmir, Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Uttarakhand, Tripura, Himachal Pradesh, and Sikkim are considered special category states. The National Development Council composed of the Prime Minister, Union Ministers, Chief Ministers and members of the Planning Commission determines the list of special category states in India. Also, the decision to accorded special status to a State is based on factors like: hilly and difficult terrain; low population density and or sizeable share of tribal population; strategic location along borders with neighboring countries; economic and infrastructure backwardness and non-viable nature of state finances.

Mandatory GST Registration Criteria

Some taxable persons who do not qualify for GST registration under the aggregate turnover criteria are required to mandatorily obtain GST registration, if they satisfy any of the following criteria:

Persons making any inter-state taxable supply

Inter-state supply is supplying goods or services from one state to another. Hence, any taxable person who is involved in supplying goods or services to persons outside of the State, is required to mandatorily obtain GST registration.

Casual taxable persons making taxable supply

Casual taxable person is a person who occasionally undertakes supply of goods and/or services and has no fixed place of business. An example of a casual taxable person would be a fireworks shops setup during Diwali festival time, selling fireworks temporarily.

Persons who are required to pay tax under reverse charge

Under GST, for most goods and/or services, the liability for payment of tax rests with the supplier. However, in some cases, the liability to pay tax (GST) would rests with the recipient of the goods or services, instead of the the supplier. Such transactions are called reverse charge. Hence, any person (recipient of goods or service) who is required to pay tax under reverse charge must mandatorily obtain GST registration.

Non-resident taxable persons making taxable supply

Non-resident taxable person is any person who occasionally supplies goods or services to recipients in India, but who has no fixed place of business or residence in India. All non-resident taxable persons are mandatorily required to obtain GST registration, irrespective of aggregate turnover criteria.

Persons who are required to deduct tax under GST

According to Section 51 of the GST Act, the Government may mandate a department or establishment of the Central Government or State Government or local authority or Governmental agencies or a category of persons to deduct tax at the rate of 1% from the payment made or credited to the supplier, where the total value under a contract, exceeds Rs.2.5 lakhs.  Such persons are required to mandatorily obtain GST registration and are referred to as “deductor”.

Persons who make taxable supply of goods or services on behalf of other other persons

Any person who makes a taxable supply of goods or services on behalf of other persons would include agents, brokers, dealers, etc., Such persons are required to mandatorily obtain GST registration.

Input Service Distributor

Input Service Distributor means a supplier of goods or services which receives tax invoices for the receipt of input services and issues a prescribed document for the purposes of distributing the credit of central tax, State tax, integrated tax or Union territory tax paid on the said services to a supplier of taxable goods or services.

Electronic Commerce Operator

Electronic commerce is the supply of goods or service, including digital products over digital or electronic network. An electronic commerce operator is any person who owns, operates or manages digital or electronic facility or platform for electronic commerce. All electronic commerce operators are mandatorily required to obtain GST registration, irrespective of turnover.

Person supplying online information and database access or retrieval services (OIDAR)

Any person supplying online information and database access or retrieval services from a place outside India to a person in India is required to obtain GST registration. Online information and database access or retrieval means
providing data or information, retrievable or otherwise, to any person, in electric form through a computer network.

Persons who supply goods or services through electronic commerce operators

Some persons who supply goods or services through electronic commerce operators, other than supplies where the electronic commerce operator is required to collect tax at source on behalf of the supplier is mandatorily required to obtain GST registration.

Under GST, The Government has the power to specify categories where the tax would be liable to be paid by the electronic commerce operator if the services are supplied through it.

Persons Having Service Tax or VAT or Central Excise Registration

All person who, on the day immediately preceding the appointed day is having a service tax or VAT or central excise license under an existing law is required to be registered under GST. Hence, migration to GST is mandatory for all taxable persons having an existing registration.

Transferee or Successor of a Business

Any person who is a transferee or a successor of a business, that was carried on by a persons registered under GST is required to be registered under GST with effect from the date of such transfer or succession.

Who is NOT Required to Obtain GST Registration

Any person who is engaged exclusively in the business of supplying goods or services that are not liable to tax under GST or wholly exempt from tax under GST is exempt from obtaining GST registration.

Also, an agriculturist, to the extent of supply of produce out of cultivation of land is exempt from obtaining GST registration. Under GST, agriculturist means an individual or a Hindu Undivided Family who undertakes cultivation of land:

  • By own labour, or
  • By the labour of family, or
  • By servants on wages payable in cash or kind or by hired labour under personal supervision or the personal supervision of any member of the family;